Англійське слово “nationality” – національність, використовується в розмовній мові рідко. Це більш формальний вираз, який частіше можна зустріти в документах щодо міграції чи туризму.
У розмовній мові ніхто не запитає: What is your nationality?
Натомість вас запитають: Where are you from? / Where do you come from?
Відповідати варто: I’m (Ukrainian, American, Mexican і т.д.) або: I am from (Ukraine, America, Poland і т.д.)
Зміст
Країни та національності англійською мовою + мови
| Національність | Країна | Мова |
| British | United Kingdom | English |
| Scottish | Scotland | English/Gaelic |
| Irish | Northern Ireland | English |
| Welsh | Wales | English/Welsh |
| Danish | Denmark | Danish |
| Finnish | Finland | Finnish |
| Norwegian | Norway | Norwegian |
| Swedish | Sweden | Swedish |
| Swiss | Switzerland | German/French/Italian |
| Estonian | Estonia | Estonian |
| Latvian | Latvia | Latvian |
| Lithuanian | Lithuania | Lithuanian |
| Austrian | Austria | German |
| Belgian | Belgium | French/Flemish |
| French | France | French |
| German | Germany | German |
| Italian | Italy | Italian |
| Dutch | Netherlands | Dutch |
| American | United States | English |
| Canadian | Canada | English/French |
| Mexican | Mexico | Spanish |
| Ukrainian | Ukraine | Ukrainian |
| Russian | Russia | Russian |
| Belarusian | Belarus | Belarusian |
| Polish | Poland | Polish |
| Czech | Czech Republic | Czech |
| Slovak/Slovakian | Slovakia | Slovakian |
| Hungarian | Hungary | Hungarian |
| Romanian | Romania | Romanian |
| Bulgarian | Bulgaria | Bulgarian |
| Greek | Greece | Greek |
| Spanish | Spain | Spanish |
Всі назви національностей, країн та мов в англійській мові пишуться з великої літери.
Приклади:
- He’s from Egypt. He’s Egyptian.
- He’s from the UK. He’s British.
- He’s from Poland. He’s Polish.
- She’s from the USA. She’s American.
- He’s from Greece. He’s Greek.
- She’s from Spain. She’s Spanish. I speak Spanish. I love Spanish food. I live in Spain. I am Spanish» — «I am from Spain» — He is a Spanish person
- She’s from Turkey. She’s Turkish.
Прикметники, які позначають походження чи приналежність до тієї чи іншої країни, зазвичай утворені від назви цієї країни за допомогою спеціальних суфіксів:
- –ish Spain — Spanish, Turkey — Turkish
- –an Germany — German, Mexico — Mexican
- -ian, -ean Egypt — Egyptian, Chile — Chilean
- –ese Portugal — Portuguese, Vietnam — Vietnamese
Але так буває не завжди, є й винятки, наприклад: France – French, Greece – Greek. Тому прикметники, які відповідають країнам, варто перевіряти за словником або таблицею, яку ви знайдете нижче.
Країни Європи
| Країна | Національність | Mешканець | Нація |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | Albanian | an Albanian | the Albanians |
| Andorra | Andorran | an Andorran | the Andorrans |
| Austria | Austrian | an Austrian | the Austrians |
| Belarus | Belarusian | a Belarusian | the Belarusians |
| Belgium | Belgian | a Belgian | the Belgians |
| Bosnia-Herzegovina | Bosnian | a Bosnian | the Bosnians |
| Bulgaria | Bulgarian | a Bulgarian | the Bulgarians |
| Croatia | Croatian | a Croat or a Croatian | the Croats or the Croatians |
| Cyprus | Cypriot | a Cypriot | the Cypriots |
| Czech Republic | Czech | a Czech | the Czechs |
| Denmark | Danish | a Dane | the Danes |
| Estonia | Estonian | an Estonian | the Estonians |
| Finland | Finnish | a Finn | the Finns |
| France | French | a French | the French |
| Germany | German | a German | the Germans |
| Greece | Greek | a Greek | the Greeks |
| Hungary | Hungarian | a Hungarian | the Hungarians |
| Iceland | Icelandic | an Icelander | the Icelanders |
| Ireland | Irish | an Irishman, an Irishwoman | the Irish |
| Italy | Italian | an Italian | the Italians |
| Latvia | Latvian | a Latvian | the Latvians |
| Liechtenstein | Liechtenstein | a Liechtensteiner | the Liechtensteiners |
| Lithuania | Lithuanian | a Lithuanian | the Lithuanians |
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg | a Luxembourger | the Luxembourgers |
| Macedonia | Macedonian | a Macedonian | the Macedonians |
| Malta | Maltese | a Maltese | the Maltese |
| Moldova | Moldovan | a Moldovan | the Moldovans |
| Monaco | Monégasque | a Monégasque | the Monégasques |
| Montenegro | Montenegrin | a Montenegrin | the Montenegrins |
| the Netherlands | Dutch | a Dutchman, a Dutchwoman | the Dutch |
| Norway | Norwegian | a Norwegian | the Norwegians |
| Poland | Polish | a Pole | the Poles |
| Portugal | Portuguese | a Portuguese | the Portuguese |
| Romania | Romanian | a Romanian | the Romanians |
| Russia | Russian | a Russian | the Russians |
| San Marino | Sammarinese | a Sammarinese | the Sammarinese |
| Serbia | Serb or Serbian | a Serb or a Serbian | the Serbs or the Serbians |
| Slovakia | Slovak or Slovakian | a Slovak or a Slovakian | the Slovaks or the Slovakians |
| Slovenia | Slovene or Slovenian | a Slovene or a Slovenian | the Slovenes or the Slovenians |
| Spain | Spanish | a Spaniard | the Spanish |
| Sweden | Swedish | a Swede | the Swedes |
| Switzerland | Swiss | a Swiss | the Swiss |
| Ukraine | Ukrainian | a Ukrainian | the Ukrainians |
| United Kingdom (UK) | British — по відношенню до людей, предметів, явищ UK – тільки по відношенню до предметів та явищ | a Brit, a Briton, a Britisher – британець, британка an Englishman, an Englishwoman — англієць, англійка a Scot або Scotsman, a Scotswoman — шотландець, шотландка a Welshman, a Welshwoman — валлієць, валлійка a Northern Irishman, a Northern Irishwoman – північний ірландець, північна ірландка | the British – британці the English – англійці the Scots – шотландці the Welsh – валлійці the Northern Irish – північні ірландці |
| Vatican | Vatican | — | — |
Країни Азії
| Країна | Національність | Mешканець | Нація |
|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | Afghan | an Afghan | the Afghans |
| Armenia | Armenian | an Armenian | the Armenians |
| Azerbaijan | Azerbaijani | an Azerbaijani | the Azerbaijanis |
| Bahrain | Bahraini | a Bahraini | the Bahrainis |
| Bangladesh | Bangladeshi | a Bangladeshi | the Bangladeshis |
| Bhutan | Bhutanese | a Bhutanese | the Bhutanese |
| Brunei | Bruneian | a Bruneian | the Bruneians |
| Cambodia | Cambodian | a Cambodian | the Cambodians |
| China | Chinese | a Chinese | the Chinese |
| East Timor | East Timorese | an East Timorese | the East Timorese |
| Georgia | Georgian | a Georgian | the Georgians |
| India | Indian | an Indian | the Indians |
| Indonesia | Indonesian | an Indonesian | the Indonesians |
| Iran | Iranian | an Iranian | the Iranians |
| Iraq | Iraqi | an Iraqi | the Iraqis |
| Israel | Israeli | an Israeli | the Israelis |
| Japan | Japanese | a Japanese | the Japanese |
| Jordan | Jordanian | a Jordanian | the Jordanians |
| Kazakhstan | Kazakh | a Kazakh | the Kazakhs |
| Kuwait | Kuwaiti | a Kuwaiti | the Kuwaitis |
| Kyrgyzstan | Kyrgyz | a Kyrgyz | the Kyrgyzs |
| Laos | Laotian or Lao | a Laotian or a Lao | the Laotians or the Lao people |
| Malaysia | Malaysian | a Malaysian | the Malaysians |
| Maldives | Maldivian | a Maldivian | the Maldivians |
| Mongolia | Mongolian | a Mongolian | the Mongolians |
| Myanmar (Burma) | Burmese | a Burmese | the Burmese |
| Nepal | Nepalese | a Nepalese | the Nepalese |
| North Korea | North Korean | a North Korean | the North Koreans |
| Oman | Omani | an Omani | the Omanis |
| Pakistan | Pakistani | a Pakistani | the Pakistanis |
| the Philippines | Philippine | a Filipino, a Filipina | the Filipinos |
| Qatar | Qatari | a Qatari | the Qataris |
| Saudi Arabia | Saudi Arabian or Saudi | a Saudi | the Saudis |
| Singapore | Singaporean | a Singaporean | the Singaporeans |
| South Korea | South Korean | a South Korean | the South Koreans |
| Sri Lanka | Sri Lankan | a Sri Lankan | the Sri Lankans |
| Syria | Syrian | a Syrian | the Syrians |
| Tajikistan | Tajik | a Tajik | the Tajiks |
| Thailand | Thai | a Thai | the Thais |
| Turkey | Turkish | a Turk | the Turks |
| Turkmenistan | Turkmen | a Turkmen | the Turkmen people |
| United Arab Emirates (UAE) | UAE — лише стосовно предметів та явищ Emirati – по відношенню до людей, предметів, явищ | an Emirati | the Emiratis |
| Uzbekistan | Uzbek | an Uzbek | the Uzbeks |
| Vietnam | Vietnamese | a Vietnamese | the Vietnamese |
| Yemen | Yemeni | a Yemeni | the Yemenis |
Країни Африки
| Країна | Національність | Mешканець | Нація |
|---|---|---|---|
| Algeria | Algerian | an Algerian | the Algerians |
| Angola | Angolan | an Angolan | the Angolans |
| Benin | Beninese | a Beninese | the Beninese |
| Botswana | Botswanan | a Motswana, a Botswanan | the Batswana |
| Burkina Faso | Burkinabe | a Burkinabe | the Burkinabe |
| Burundi | Burundian | a Burundian | the Burundians |
| Cameroon | Cameroonian | a Cameroonian | the Cameroonians |
| Cape Verde | Cape Verdean | a Cape Verdean | the Cape Verdeans |
| Central African Republic | Central African | a Central African | the Central Africans |
| Chad | Chadian | a Chadian | the Chadians |
| Comoros | Comoran | a Comoran | the Comorans |
| Congo | Congolese | a Congolese | the Congolese |
| Côte d’Ivoire, Ivory Coast | Ivorian | an Ivorian | the Ivorians |
| the Democratic Republic of the Congo | Congolese | a Congolese | the Congolese |
| Djibouti | Djiboutian | a Djiboutian | the Djiboutians |
| Egypt | Egyptian | an Egyptian | the Egyptians |
| Equatorial Guinea | Equatorial Guinean | an Equatorial Guinean | the Equatorial Guineans |
| Eritrea | Eritrean | an Eritrean | the Eritreans |
| Ethiopia | Ethiopian | an Ethiopian | the Ethiopians |
| Gabon | Gabonese | a Gabonese | the Gabonese |
| the Gambia | Gambian | a Gambian | the Gambians |
| Ghana | Ghanaian | a Ghanaian | the Ghanaians |
| Guinea | Guinean | a Guinean | the Guineans |
| Guinea-Bissau | Guinea-Bissauan, Bissau-Guinean, Guinean | a Guinea-Bissauan, a Bissau-Guinean, a Guinean | the Guinea-Bissauans |
| Kenya | Kenyan | a Kenyan | the Kenyans |
| Lebanon | Lebanese | a Lebanese | the Lebanese |
| Lesotho | Lesotho | a Mosotho | the Basotho |
| Liberia | Liberian | a Liberian | the Liberians |
| Libya | Libyan | a Libyan | the Libyans |
| Madagascar | Malagasy or Madagascan | a Malagasy or a Madagascan | the Malagasies or the Madagascans |
| Malawi | Malawian | a Malawian | the Malawians |
| Mali | Malian | a Malian | the Malians |
| Mauritania | Mauritanian | a Mauritanian | the Mauritanians |
| Mauritius | Mauritian | a Mauritian | the Mauritian |
| Morocco | Moroccan | a Moroccan | the Moroccans |
| Mozambique | Mozambican | a Mozambican | the Mozambicans |
| Namibia | Namibian | a Namibian | the Namibians |
| Niger | Nigerien | a Nigerien | the Nigeriens |
| Nigeria | Nigerian | a Nigerian | the Nigerians |
| Rwanda | Rwandan | a Rwandan | the Rwandans |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | São Tomean | a São Tomean | the São Tomeans |
| Senegal | Senegalese | a Senegalese | the Senegalese |
| the Seychelles | Seychellois | a Seychellois | the Seychellois |
| Sierra Leone | Sierra Leonean | a Sierra Leonean | the Sierra Leoneans |
| Somalia | Somali | a Somali | the Somalis |
| South Africa | South African | a South African | the South Africans |
| Sudan | Sudanese | a Sudanese | the Sudanese |
| Swaziland | Swazi | a Swazi | the Swazis |
| Tanzania | Tanzanian | a Tanzanian | the Tanzanians |
| Togo | Togolese | a Togolese | the Togolese |
| Tunisia | Tunisian | a Tunisian | the Tunisian |
| Uganda | Ugandan | an Ugandan | the Ugandans |
| Zambia | Zambian | a Zambian | the Zambians |
| Zimbabwe | Zimbabwean | a Zimbabwean | the Zimbabweans |
Країни Північної Америки
| Країна | Національність | Mешканець | Нація |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | Canadian | a Canadian | the Canadians |
| United States | American | an American | the Americans |
Країни Центральної Америки
| Країна | Національність | Mешканець | Нація |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antigua and Barbuda | Antiguan and Barbudan | an Antiguan, a Barbudan | the Antiguans and Barbudans |
| the Bahamas | Bahamian | a Bahamian | the Bahamians |
| Barbados | Barbadian | a Barbadian | the Barbadians |
| Belize | Belizean | a Belizean | the Belizeans |
| Costa Rica | Costa Rican | a Costa Rican | the Costa Ricans |
| Cuba | Cuban | a Cuban | the Cubans |
| Dominica | Dominican | a Dominican | the Dominicans |
| Dominican Republic | Dominican | a Dominican | the Dominicans |
| El Salvador | Salvadoran or Salvadorean | a Salvadoran or a Salvadorean | the Salvadorans or the Salvadoreans |
| Grenada | Grenadian | a Grenadian | the Grenadians |
| Guatemala | Guatemalan | a Guatemalan | the Guatemalans |
| Haiti | Haitian | a Haitian | the Haitians |
| Honduras | Honduran | a Honduran | the Hondurans |
| Jamaica | Jamaican | a Jamaican | the Jamaicans |
| Mexico | Mexican | a Mexican | the Mexicans |
| Nicaragua | Nicaraguan | a Nicaraguan | the Nicaraguans |
| Panama | Panamanian | a Panamanian | the Panamanians |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Kittitian and Nevisian | a Kittitian, a Nevisian | the Kittitians and Nevisians |
| Saint Lucia | Saint Lucian | a Saint Lucian | the Saint Lucians |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Vincentian | a Vincentian | the Vincentians |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Trinidadian and Tobagonian | a Trinidadian, a Tobagonian | the Trinidadians and Tobagonians |
Країни Південної Америки
| Країна | Національність | Mешканець | Нація |
|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina | Argentinian | an Argentinian | the Argentinians |
| Bolivia | Bolivian | a Bolivian | the Bolivians |
| Brazil | Brazilian | a Brazilian | the Brazilians |
| Chile | Chilean | a Chilean | the Chileans |
| Colombia | Colombian | a Colombian | the Colombians |
| Ecuador | Ecuadorian | an Ecuadorian | the Ecuadorians |
| Guyana | Guyanese | a Guyanese | the Guyanese |
| Paraguay | Paraguayan | a Paraguayan | the Paraguayans |
| Peru | Peruvian | a Peruvian | the Peruvians |
| Suriname | Surinamese | a Surinamese | the Surinamese |
| Uruguay | Uruguayan | an Uruguayan | the Uruguayans |
| Venezuela | Venezuelan | a Venezuelan | the Venezuelans |
Країни Австралії та Океанії
| Країна | Національність | Mешканець | Нація |
|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | Australian | an Australian | the Australians |
| Країни | Національність | Mешканець | Нація |
|---|---|---|---|
| Federated States of Micronesia | Micronesian | a Micronesian | the Micronesians |
| Fiji | Fijian | a Fijian | the Fijians |
| Kiribati | i-Kiribati, Kiribati | an i-Kiribati, a Kiribati | the i-Kiribati, the Kiribati |
| Marshall Islands | Marshallese | a Marshallese | the Marshallese |
| Nauru | Nauruan | a Nauruan | the Nauruans |
| New Zealand | New Zealand (не используется по отношению к людям) | a New Zealander | the New Zealanders |
| Palau | Palauan | a Palauan | the Palauans |
| Papua New Guinea | Papua New Guinean | a Papua New Guinean | the Papua New Guineans |
| Samoa | Samoan | a Samoan | the Samoans |
| Solomon Islands | Solomon Islands | a Solomon Islander | the Solomon Islanders |
| Tonga | Tongan | a Tongan | the Tongans |
| Tuvalu | Tuvaluan | a Tuvaluan | the Tuvaluans |
| Vanuatu | Vanuatuan | a ni-Vanuatu or a Vanuatuan | the ni-Vanuatu or the Vanuatuans |
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